The Stroop Task And Further Exploration Essay - 1046 Words

The Stroop Task and Further Exploration Lesly Cabrera City College of New York The cognitive task of the Stroop task is the proof that an interference of a task has a reaction time delay. From the moment I saw the Stroop effect on my textbook and on the power point in lecture class, I grew an interest to this subject. I found it a mentally challenging task; it was tricky and therefore grasped my attention and wanted to further explore this cognitive task. As stated by MacLeod, â€Å"The Stroop effect, however, is more than a cognitive curiosity; it continues to play a key role in the understanding of attention† (MacLeod, 1992). The Stroop task shows an interesting effect, but most importantly has served as a tool to further our knowledge on attention and cognition. The Stroop task helps us understand the process of our cognitive relation to attention. According to Zysset, Muller, Gabriele and Cramon, â€Å"The Stroop interference task requires a person to respond to a specific dimension of a stimulus while suppressing a competing stimulus dimension.† (Zysset et, al., 2001). In this case, The Stroop effect is performed with a challenging task and therefore an interference affects reaction time. Per say if an individual first is asked to read a color word such as YELLOW that appears in the font color red, and then asked to read the word and ignore the color font presented in, there is no level of difficulty associated with this task, as is with a black font color. However theShow MoreRelatedPerception Of Hill Slants1513 Words   |  7 PagesIt is widely accepted that our actions within our environments have a bioenergetic cost. This does not apply solely to physiological actions; an abundance of psychological research indicates that a mul titude of cognitive tasks and functions also have associated bioenergetic costs. The brain’s singular source of energy is from glucose which is carried in the bloodstream, or from stores of glycogen in the liver (Schnall, Zadra Proffitt, 2010) if glucose is not readily available in the blood. ConverselyRead MoreA variation of the Stroop effect experiment2130 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿An experiment to investigate the Stroop effect in which participants are asked to name the colour in which a word is written, that word having either a colour- association or a neutral association. ABSTRACT. This study was an investigation of the cognitive processes at work during a variation of the classic Stroop test and effect, in which the degree of intrusion into automatic thought processes may be witnessed in a colour identification task. It was found that the rate of word identificationRead MoreThe Test Of Sustained Selective Impairment1727 Words   |  7 PagesThe exploration of neurotoxicants in the work place is undeniably imperative. Thus, standardized testing is often required to delineate psychiatric patients from those who are suffering with neurological impairments due to such neurotoxicants. Although there has been a recent increase in the literature on adverse occupational neurobehavioral effects, there remains to be room for improvement. Bowler and Lezak (2015) have systematically examined the common neurotoxicants found in various work sitesRead MoreThe Importance of Metaphor in Formulating Concepts and Perceptions in Philosophy4764 Words   |  19 PagesSynesthesia is the occurrence of a motivation in one sense organ in a different sense organ also like colored hearing. Nation has colored hearing really perceive colors when they listen to the sounds of words or letters. Everyone have synesthetic skills . Stroop tests have been made also with metaphor (Warren 2010). The members had to recognize, as fast as it can, the exact false sentences. They take longer to rebuff metaphors more false than they did to rebuff exactly false sentences. Why? Because we cantRead MoreOcd - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment131367 Words   |  526 Pagesdeveloped a number of counting and repeating compulsions, as well as extensive avoidance behavior, in an effort to neutralize the obsessions. He believed he had to repeat a task until he no longer had an obsession so that he could break the association between the task and the intrusive thought. This would then ensure that the task would not become a trigger for the obsession. As a result of his erroneous belief, Mike would repeat phrases, retrace his steps, wash repeatedly, even hold his breath, inRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pages(Optional) 56 2.6 Interpreting and Communicating the Results of Statist ical Analyses 61 Activity 2.1 Designing a Sampling Plan 63 Activity 2.2 An Experiment to Test for the Stroop Effect 64 Activity 2.3 McDonald’s and the Next 100 Billion Burgers 64 Activity 2.4 Video Games and Pain Management 65 Graphing Calculator Explorations 69 3 Graphical Methods for Describing Data 75 3.1 Displaying Categorical Data: Comparative Bar Charts and Pie Charts 76 3.2 Displaying Numerical Data: Stem-and-Leaf

Ted Kooser A Major American Poet - 1397 Words

Ted Kooser was born in Ames, Iowa, an area within the great plains of America. He credits his influences to both his mother and his father. His father worked as a store manager while his mother stayed home to raise him and his sister. During an interview he was asked how his parents influenced his poetry, he replied, My Father was a storekeeper, loved the public, and was a marvelous storyteller. I remember a women once said to me that shed rather hear my dad describe a person than see the person herself. (Meats, 335). One can tell from reading Koosers poetry that his father influenced him greatly. Ted Kooser also attained a strong work ethic from his father, which in his formative years allowed him to prosper and become the poet he is†¦show more content†¦With the publication of Sure Signs in 1980, Ted Kooser wrote Carrie, a poem about the morality of humanity and how life is cycle. Like most of his work, he used firsthand experience to forge his thoughts, this time his Aunt s life. The poem is only eleven lines long but its meaning it universal. Even though its a short poem, Kooser found a way to enrich it with figurative language, from similes to metaphors. With the lines, as her rag, like a thunderhead, (3), to and an elbow that creaked and popped / like a branch in a storm. (8-9), Kooser portrays to the listener of the environment his Aunt lived, which is an area hes accustomed to, the great plains. In the poem Kooser writes, seventy years with a ball / of compulsion closed in her fist, (6-7), meaning that in life you grow in age, and that theres no stopping it. Eventually, life will end with death, as seen in the lines, Now dust / is her hands and dust her heart. (9-10) meaning that once you die youll become dust. The last line of the poem, Theres never an end to it. (11) solidifies the poem with its meaning that theres a circle of life and it never ends. Later on in his life with the publication of Delights and Shadows, Ted Kooser writes a poem on what would be his fathers ninety-seventhShow MoreRelated Abandonment and Struggle on a Farm1327 Words   |  6 PagesSimplicity, especially in poetry, can be an often underrated and overlooked method of conveying a meaningful and extended message. Ted Kooser, an American poet and writer, is well known for his ‘simplistic’ style of writing and has been described as using an â€Å"[H]onest, accessible verse†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Ted Kooser: The Poetry Foundation). Kooser was born in Iowa and now resides in Nebraska. Both Iowa and Nebraska are situated in the Midwestern United States, an area noted for its rural landscape and population

Encyclopedia Research of Critical Psychology

Question: Discuss about the Encyclopedia Research of Critical Psychology. Answer: In accordance with the proposed methodology and the considered research topic, it can be said that the primary motive of the research is to have a coherent understanding about whether the Rubi Transportation Company can afford to extend their service provision for disability service or not. Henceforth, a convenient research process for the concerned research paper would include a thorough systematic process. The systematic process includes Selection of the research area and formulation of research aim and questions The present research paper would be initialized by selecting and contemplating a distinct research area, which would be accompanied by formulation of relevant aims and objectives. It is because with the help of a properly defined aims and objectives, the paper will be able to deduce a suitable result at the final stage. Henceforth, right after selecting an attainable research area and establishing apt aims and research question, the paper will be conducted with the philosophical approach of positivism. More precisely, with the help of positivism philosophy, the researcher will be able to make an objective approach, which is essential for the research topic. Moreover, this particular research philosophy will support the paper to collect necessary data and interpret it to acquire a quantifiable and observable finding. Conducting literature review and selecting data collection and analysis method Right after selecting an individual topic and formulating apt aims and objective on behalf of it, the research would proceed to make an in depth secondary research process, the paper will collect data from the existing literatures. In this context, it should be mentioned that the methodology has prioritized upon the descriptive research design as the paper is considering the applied research method. Therefore, reasonably the paper would rely upon the observational data and data and random survey, which are possible through occupying a descriptive research style. Collection of primary data and quantitative data analysis Right after obtaining relevant secondary data from a thorough literature review, the paper will move on to collect primary data as the research questions demand fruitful yet practical and realistic answers. Keeping in mind about this particular concern, the study will concentrate on primary research method. More specifically, the research has already utilized the secondary research method for accomplishing a profound literature review, which has paved the door for conducting a primary research for quantifiable and observational data. Following this, the next step will be to appropriately interpret and analyze the acquired data with the help of quantitative data analysis technique. However, it is significant to mention here that for the relevant data acquisition, the entire paper has relied upon the random survey and interview techniques considering the research questions about the possible problems faced by the organization and the customer needs. Nevertheless, the research will thereafter proceed by having a quantitative data analysis to support the primary data collection technique. Thus, following the fundamental technique of quantitative analysis, the paper will emphasize the objectives and its measurement by performing numerical interpretation of the acquired information After completing all the necessary steps, the research paper will deduct the outcome and will attempt to align it with the objectives and aims those have been contemplated at the beginning of the research paper. Therefore, the entire process will be culminated by making recommendations to combat the identified problems of the company alongside along side will establish a reasonable understanding about whether the considered project will be feasible and attainable or not. Description of data collection and analysis method As discussed in the above, the data will be collected in a primary data collection method. As mentioned above, the paper is prioritizing applied methodology, which means that the convenient data collection method will be survey with random sampling technique and interview with a relevant questionnaire. More precisely, for collecting relevant data to know customer needs and their individual and collective perceptions about the WAT service and how many individuals are in need of a WAT service, the research will conduct a survey. In this respect, it is to mention that the research will not ignore one of the research objectives to identify the exact market gap. Considering this need the paper will take help of the interview method in accordance with the primary research method. For this particular data collection technique, the study will conduct a telephonic interview with two of the managerial figures of the concerned organization. However, whereas through the survey method, data regar ding the number of disables people in Sydney and how many of them exactly require the service, the interview segment will give hint about the possible requirement to set up the new project and the possible budget for this. Most importantly, for the survey a sample size of 50 disabled individuals and 50 normal people will be selected. In this section, it is required to mention that the research has also relied upon relevant data on rules and regulation regarding the transportation of the disabled people in Australia. Along with current information about the rules and regulation regarding the usage and need of WAT service for the disabled individual, data about license and the required fees for occupying the licenses have been required. Therefore, instead of collecting data through survey and interview, the paper has occupied online market research in terms of secondary research. Nevertheless, the collected data from both the survey and interview process with the help of convenient questionnaire will be assessed through both quantitative and qualitative techniques. The data from the survey will be interpreted through numerical analysis and the perceptions of the two managers will be analyzed in a quantitative manner. Most significant to state here for accomplishing both of the data collection method, Google forms, survey Gizmo and Typeform will be selected. However, for data acquisition from the two managers, considering the lack of time and lack of availability to meet in person, the research will take help of telephonic interview. Description of expected research outcomes If the considered research will be conducted through the proposed method underpinned above then the expected research outcomes will possibly be the following On behalf of this particular concern, it can be expected that if the survey and interview will be done according to the proposed design then a vital anticipation could be made about the future profit for Rubi transportation. Most significantly, it can be expected that the acquired data will give a clear indication about whether the elaboration under profitability has been relevant or not. Customer needs and number of disabled people Against this particular question, the paper could expect a distinct numerical number regarding the existing disabled individuals residing in Sydney. On the other hand, a handful of data could be expected about varied and individual needs of WAT service. It should be denoted here that the best possible ways to provide WAT service could also be acquired as per the expectation. If the paper could gain success in acquiring appropriate data about the individual and collective perceptions of the common individuals, then it can be expected that the paper would be flexibly able to provide fruitful recommendations to meet the identified customer demands. Possible changes for the company and company requirements to cater With the help of interview and qualitative data collection and analysis of technique, it is expected that the research will give clear indication about the current condition and concern regarding WAT service. It will help to identify the gap between the staple requirements for expanding service for WAT and the present affordability and corporate culture of Rubi Transportation. If the proposed research methods would be applied and accomplished appropriately, then it can be anticipated that the paper can acquire a firm answer about how much profit or loss the organization will receive on behalf of expanding its venture. Identification of possible problem and firm solution One of the most significant expected outcomes is the identification of all the possible problems that the concerned enterprise could face in future with the help of interviews and thorough market research. It would be one of the most significant as per the fact that the identified problems will help the researcher to propose some relevant solutions, which may prove fruitful for the organization in future. For example, it can be anticipated that the organization might face the issue with the existing license issue related to WAT service, therefore it could be suggested that the organization should take help from the local legislative and governmental offices, which are enthusiastically extending their interest for encouraging business houses for investing in this particular venture. Therefore, it can be expected that a convenient solution for the organization could be given along with recommending whether it would practically feasible or not. However, it should be stated here that without the help of the primary mentor, the establishment of the proposal would not have been possible. From making decisions about the research topic and applicable research methodology to constructing literature review with the help of relevant secondary resources, the proposal has been promptly supervised by the professor in charge. References Bourke, Brian. "Positionality: Reflecting on the research process."The Qualitative Report19.33 (2014): 1-9. Brinkmann, Svend. "Interview."Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology. Springer New York, 2014. 1008-1010. Bryman, Alan, and Emma Bell.Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA, 2015. Bryman, Alan.Social research methods. Oxford university press, 2015. Collis, J., Hussey, R. (2013).Business research: A practical guide for undergraduate and postgraduate students. Palgrave macmillan. Ellis, Elizabeth H.Use of Taxis in Public Transportation for People with Disabilities and Older Adults. No. Project J-7, Topic SB-26. 2016. Eriksson, Pivi, and Anne Kovalainen.Qualitative Methods in Business Research: A Practical Guide to Social Research. Sage, 2015. Gray, Carole, and Julian Malins.Visualizing research: A guide to the research process in art and design. Routledge, 2016. Gustafsson, Anders, Andreas Herrmann, and Frank Huber, eds.Conjoint measurement: Methods and applications. Springer Science Business Media, 2013. Hair, Joseph F.Essentials of business research methods. ME Sharpe, 2015. Karlsson, Christer, ed.Research Methods for Operations Management. Routledge, 2016. Matthews, Bob, and Liz Ross.Research methods. Pearson Higher Ed, 2014. Nelson, John D., and Steven Wright. "24 Flexible transport management."Handbook on Transport and Urban Planning in the Developed World(2016): 452. Panneerselvam, R.Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2014. Saunders, Mark NK, and Philip Lewis.Doing research in business and management: An essential guide to planning your project. Pearson Higher Ed, 2014. Silverman, David, ed.Qualitative research. Sage, 2016.

Life And Times In The 60 free essay sample

# 8242 ; S Essay, Research Paper Progresss in engineering have brought on many alterations, These include. Color telecastings, in the 1950ss there were merely black and white telecastings. Besides typewriters have been replaced with computing machines and word processors, moreover the innovation of nomadic telephones, and telephones has a made a major difference in communications. Another major alteration in communications and concern is the innovation of the Internet. Other major technological differences between the 1950s and 1990s are knew and advanced medical progresss, such as optical maser surgery, and inoculations from certain unwellnesss and diseases. Although there are many differences between engineering in the 1950ss and 1890ss there are still a few similarities such as, the fact that we still use ball point pens and electric lawn mowers, listen to the wireless, and ticker movies. Therefore it is clear, that many things have changed signifier the 1950s to the ninetiess. Some of the chief alterations have been progresss in engineering such as medical progresss like optical maser surgery and inoculations. We will write a custom essay sample on Life And Times In The 60 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Besides the innovation of the Internet. Along with alteration s in household functions such as more adult females being educated and independent, and work forces taking up occupations such as secretaries flight attenders. However, despite this other facets of life such as amusement are really similar. The 1950s was representative of a clip of much societal, political, and economic alteration. Following the depression epoch, a war, presidents who believed strongly in affirmatory authorities and vigorous action, Americans were ready for alteration, ready to hold comparative prosperity and familiy togetherness. However, during this clip, America? s engagement with many things would turn out that this was non true, that America was non conforming with what the populace had wanted, and had non been complacent in footings of the United States being content with its place in the universe, hence the action it took. Although Americans desired to construct on their lifes for themselves and for their households, the ambiance in America was non one of conformance and complacence. In fact, there was much struggle and dissension during this clip that was non isolated. The struggle and dissension of the 1950s came in the signifier of national and international issues.

Americas Involvement In World Affairs Since 1945 essays

America's Involvement In World Affairs Since 1945 essays America's Involvement In World Affairs Since 1945 Since 1945 the United States government has been increasingly concerned with problems all over the world in various continents. Three countries we were concerned with for different reasons were North Korea, Cuba, and South Africa. Difficulties occurred in each of these nations that the United States had to overcome to maintain its worldwide power and influence. During the final stages of World War II and through early years of the Cold War President Truman ran our country. He opposed the spread of communism in Europe and Korea. One foreign problem he got our country involved in was the Korean War, which took place from June of 1950 until July of 1953. Our country got involved in this war to prevent the spread of communism from North Korea into South Korea. Communist North Korea, under Kim II Sung, started the war and moved troops over the 38th parallel (boundary between North and South Korea) into South Korea. This initial attack led North Korean troops all the way deep into South Korea, which made it difficult from the beginning for the United States to push North Korean troops back into their country. Under President Truman, General MacArthur moved troops into South Korea to push North Korean troops north back to the 38th parallel and eventually into North Korea. China, who had a treaty with the Soviet Union, then entered the war agai nst the United States because we were striking the North Korean troops on the Yalu River, which was the border of China and North Korea. They entered the war with 180,000 soldiers. This made it more difficult for the United States to keep the South Korean troops in North Korea. MacArthur wanted an air attack on China and Truman rejected it because he feared the Soviets would get involved in the war. MacArthur then hinted that Truman was "soft on communism" and that he favored appeasement. There was a second attempt of North Korea and China...

Andrew Jacksons And The Battle Of New Orleans Essays - Free Essays

Andrew Jacksons And The Battle Of New Orleans Essays - Free Essays Andrew Jacksons And The Battle Of New Orleans Andrew Jackson And The Battle Of New Orleans The Battle of New Orleans was one of the last remarkable conflicts in history. The last major land battle of the war was the war of 1812. The battle of New Orleans was fought after the treaty of peace ending the hostilities, was signed. The United states declared war on Great Britain in June of 1812. The war did not threaten Louisiana till the end of the war with the battle of New Orleans because most of the war had been fought on the border of Canada. The British force had more than 5,000 veterans, a little less than one half of them died at the battle of New Orleans. The Americans had about 5,700 men. Only a third of them even fired a shot during the action, but they only suffered 71 casualties. The American commander General Andrew Jackson became very famous from the victory at New Orleans. His winning eventually led to his becoming the seventh president of the United States and the founder of the modern Democratic political party. (Adams 109-110) Andrew was born at the South Carolina settlement of Waxhaw on March 15,1767. He became a orphan at the young age of fourteen. He and his two brothers, Hugh and Robert, lived with their aunt. He attended school for only a few years. All three brothers fought in the American revolution. Hugh was killed in 1779. Teen-aged Jackson and his older brother, Robert, fought side by side in many skirmishes against the British in South Carolina. After the battle of Hanging Rock the two boys were thrown into jail, where they both contracted small pox. Andrew was able to recover but Robert died. (Remini 1-6) After the Revolution Jackson lived in Charleston, South Carolina, and then moved to Salisbury, North Carolina where he began to study law. After studying law for two years he began his own practice in Martinsville, North Carolina, Shortly after he moved to Nashville Tennessee. There he met and married Rachel Donelson Robards. They had no children but he adopted Rachel's nephew. During this time Jackson started to make a name for himself as a successful backwoods lawyer. He also begun to take an active part in politics. He was elected to the United Stated House of Representatives but he resigned his post to become a senator when he was just thirty years old. Jackson resigned as a senator to become a judge of the Tennessee Supreme Court. Next he decided to become a major general of the Tennessee Militia. He spent much of the next decade drilling and training his troops. The war of 1812 marked the turning point of his career. Responding to Alabama's and Georgia's pleas for help, Jackson and his 3,500 militiamen moved out of Tennessee and marched through miles of wilderness under very hard conditions. Jackson's forces met the creek forces at a place called Horseshoe Bend along the Tallapoosa River on March 27, 1814, and defeated them. This forced the Indians to give up most of their land to Alabama and Georgia. Shortly after this victory Jackson was commissioned a major general in the United Stated Army. After defeating the Creeks, Jackson was sent to Mobile with a handful of troop the defend Fort Bowyer against a British force's. Fort Bowyer was defended by twenty guns, while the British ships had seventyeight. Jackson managed to sink one of the British ships and damage another. The remaining two British ships fled to what they thought would be a safe harbor at Pensacola. After recruiting additional troops, Jackson soon followed the ships. Jackson took over Pensacola. Jackson and his men returned to Mobile. (Carter 94-95) Jackson found out that the British were preparing to launch a attack on New Orleans. Jackson immediately sent a message to Tennessee having his Indian riflemen to meet him in New Orleans. He then left with a few troops and headed for Louisiana. When Jackson arrived at New Orleans he found a strange collection of troops wearing all manner of dress and carrying a large variety of weapons. Jackson was able to unite his forces into a army that was capable of beating the

Fortune 500 Companies Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fortune 500 Companies - Research Paper Example Approximately two-thirds of the Fortune 500 companies are currently involved in offering partnership benefits. In order to understand this aspect better, it is important that concern is drawn as to what entails domestic partnership benefits (Rosenbaum, 1967). Ideally, domestic partnership benefits are those that an employer decides to give to an employee’s unmarried partner, regardless of the gender. Despite the numerous companies that are currently involved in offering domestic partnership benefits, this paper will only analyze Wal-Mart stores and Mayo Clinic. Offering of partner benefits, follows the passing of ordinance in 1996, with an essential requirement that companies involved in business with the city are mandated to offer equal benefits to their employees’ partners without any attribute towards gender orientation. The benefits offered by these companies are mainly in healthcare. For an employee’s partner to access the partner benefits, there are certain requirements that such an employee partner must acquire. Different companies have different requirements on who is eligible to access the benefits. For Wal-Mart stores, partners are only covered when they are legally married and never when legally separated (US News, 2013). Regardless of the gender of the partner, such an individual is only eligible for the benefits if the two are in a relationship in an equivalent of marriage for 12 months, and with an intention of sharing the particular household forever. It is also important that the partner to benefit from the offer must be 18 years old and above. Mayo Clinic currently has not set a particular deadline for which the partners in a relationship can start accessing the benefits (Berry and Seltman, 2008). However, in the case of same-sex partners, then the two have to marry in the case of Mayo Clinic, considering that same-sex marriages have been

Internet Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Internet Marketing - Essay Example Customer today has a varying need with some needing more human interaction for customer interaction while others may value price and variety of selection. The gap in customer experience is more likely to be a result of technology bumps. You see, no matter how good and efficient technology is in facilitating transaction and even lowering cost, it cannot replace human interaction. Human interaction is the bedrock of most customer experience where the customer comes face to face with another human being who attends to his or her need as a customer. In a technology base business, it is often assumed that customer has already a working knowledge of what he or she needs or wants because there is little if any human interaction that will be extended to assist him or her in the purchase. This may be inimical to customers who need assistance to what they will buy. Customers who know what to buy and are familiar with the product, will be less affected by the absence of customer experience as long as the product that he or she need is available at a price that is

Analysis of two commercial brands of bleaching solution Essay Example for Free

Analysis of two commercial brands of bleaching solution Essay Objective To determine the concentrations of the active ingredients in 2 commercial bleaches. Introduction Sodium hypochlorite is usually found in bleaching solutions. It is the active ingredient of bleaching solutions. It bleaches by oxidation. When it is added to dye, the following reaction occurs: ClO- + dye - Cl- + (dye + O) If the oxidized form of the dye is colorless, then the color of the dye would fade away. In the presence of acid, the hypochlorite ions from the bleaching solution reacts with the iodine ions from potassium iodide in the following way: ClO- + 2I- + 2H+ I2 + H2O + Cl-. When sodium thiosulphate solution is added into this reacted solution, a further reaction occurs: I2 + 2S2O32- 2I- + S4O62- This reaction could be used in titration to find out the number of moles of thiosulphate ions, thus the concentration of hypochlorite ions in the bleaching solution. Procedure 1. 10 cm3 of Kao Bleach was pipette into a volumetric flask. Distilled water was added until the meniscus reaches the graduation point. 2. 25 cm3 of the titrated bleach was pipette into a conical flask. About 10 cm3 of potassium iodide and dilute sulphuric acid was added into the conical flask. 3. The solution was titrated with sodium thiosulphate solution until the brown colour of the iodine fades. 4. Starch solution was added into the conical flask, and the solution was further titrated until the dark-brown colour of the starch-iodine complex turns to colourless. The volume of sodium thiosulphate solution required to reach the end point was recorded. 5. Steps 1 to 4 were repeated 3 more times. 6. Steps 1 to 5 were repeated using Clorox Bleach. Data and Calculation Molarity of standard Na2S2O3 solution = 0. 05182M Brand A: Kao Price: $11. 9/ 1500ml Trial 1 2 3 Final reading/cm3 26. 8 23. 1 25. 7 26. 0 Initial reading/ cm3. 4. 1 0. 4 2. 9 3. 2 Volume of Na2S2O3 22. 7 22. 7 22. 8 22. 8 Average no. of moles of Na2S2O3 used in the titration: 0. 05182 X (22. 7 + 22. 8 X 2)/3 X 0. 001 = 1. 180 X 10-3 moles So, there are (1. 180 X 10-3 /2) =5. 90 X 10-4 moles of I2 in the reaction So, there are 5. 90 X 10-4 moles of ClO- ions in the diluted solution. Concentration of ClO- in Kao bleach = 5. 90 X 10-4 X 10 /10 X 1000 =0. 5899M Brand B: Clorox Price: $21. 9/ 2840ml Trial 1 2 3 Final reading/cm3 33. 5 32. 4 32. 0 33. 2 Initial reading/ cm3 2. 7 1. 3 0. 9 2. 3 Volume of Na2S2O3 30. 8 31. 1 31. 1 30. 9 Average no. of moles of Na2S2O3 used in the titration: 0. 05182 X (30. 9+ 31. 1 X 2)/3 X 0. 001 = 1. 608 X 10-3 mole So, there are (1. 608 X 10-3 /2) =8. 041 X 10-4 moles of I2 in the reaction So, there are 8. 041 X 10-4 moles of ClO- ions in the diluted solution. Concentration of ClO- in Kao bleach = 8. 041 X 10-4 X 10 /10 X 1000 =0. 8041M Conclusion The concentration of ClO- in Kao is 0. 5899M while that of Clorox is 0. 8041M. Discussion 1. When we add starch solution into the conical flask, the solution turns dark blue. After that, when we add a few drops of sodium thiosulphate, the colour of the solution would turn colourless. We must be careful when we are doing this step. This is because the starch-iodine complex does not show graduation of color change. We may get pass the end point easily. The readings would be inaccurate. 2. Dilute sulphuric acid is irritating. So we must be extra careful in using it. How did I use sulphuric acid more safely? I used a larger measuring cylinder to measure out the amount of sulphuric acid. The likeliness of spilling the acid would be lower. 3. After I had done all the experiments, I found out that the tip of the pipette was broken. When I asked Mr. Leung, he said that the pipette could not be used anymore. Why? I could think of 2 reasons. First, the broken tip of the pipette could cause danger when we are using the pipette. We would have a higher chance of getting our finger cut. Second, the broken tip of the pipette may cause the solution to be carried to leak. So, it is unreliable. Answers to Study Question 1. (a) Amount of active ingredient in Kao: 0. 5899 X (35. 5 + 16) = 30. 38 g /dm3 Amount of active ingredient in Clorox: 0. 8041 X (51. 5) = 41. 41 g/dm3 (b)Cost per gram of Kao: (11. 9 X 1000/1500) /30. 38 = $0. 2611 per gram Cost per gram of Clorox: (21. 9 X 1000/2840) / 41. 41 = $ 0. 186 per gram 2. As Clorox is of a lower price, it is the better buy. 3. Adding potassium iodide in excess ensures that all chlorate ions have reacted. Only when all the chlorate ions have been reacted that the amount of iodine formed can fully reflect the amount of chlorate ions in the solution. This ensures that the volume of sodium thiosulphate used in the titration can be used to determine the number of moles of chlorate ions in the solution. 4. When an acid is added into a solution of chlorate and iodine ions, iodine would be liberated. The iodine can then be used in titration to determine the amount of the chlorate ions. 5. The second way it may deteriorate is by decomposition by sunlight: 2H+ + 2ClO- - 2HCl + O2 The chlorate ions, under sunlight, decompose back to chlorine ions and the bleaching ability of the bleaching solution is reduced. 6. This is because before reaching the end point, starch solution will not show any signs of being close to the end point. Other indicators will. For example, if methyl orange is close to its end point, it will first change the color of the solution to orange. Then, the solution would turn back to its original colour. In this way, we will know that we are close to the end point and we would add the solution more slowly. However, similar characteristics could not be found when we use starch as an indicator. So, we may get pass the end point easily. This problem is solved by titrating the iodine solution without any indicator first. After the brown color of iodine vanishes, we know that we are very close to the end point. At this stage, adding starch solution can tell us whether there is still iodine in the solution. As we know that we are already very close to the end point, we would add the solution more slowly. It would be lees likely to shoot pass the end point.

Describing the Business of Farming in O Pioneers! by Willa Silbert Cath

Describing the Business of Farming in O Pioneers! by Willa Silbert Cather Willa Sibert Cather was born in Virginia, December 7, 1873. At the age of nine, Cather's family moved to Nebraska. Willa fell in love with the country, with the waste prairies of the Nebraska. In her life, Willa worked for different journals and magazines and received many honorary degrees, even the Pulitzer Prize. Her literary life was extremely influenced by her childhood in the wild country. In her life story, I actually didn't find any trace of doing a business relative to farming, or running a farm on her own. Therefore she doesn't seem to have practical experience with business of farming. Maybe that's why she describes it in a general way only, without any particulars. The Cather's novel O Pioneers! gives us a realistic picture of people's life at the end of the nineteenth century. The new incomers, who settled the unfriendly countries of American continent, had very hard times. It was necessary for them to do whatever they were able to, to earn some money or to gain something to eat. As we can see in Cather's novel, many people were farming. But some of them were not farmers in their country of origin, they just started farming in the new home. Even though they knew nothing about it. Willa Cather describes a history of such people, a Norwegian immigrant family, the Bergsons. The beginnings in the new world were very tough for the Bergson family. And the situation didn't seem to get better. They have met several misfortunes that have held their farming business back. „One winter his cattle had perished in a blizzard. The next summer one of his plow horses broke its leg in a prairie-dog hole and had to be shot. Another summer he lost his hogs from cholera, and a valuable stallion died from a rattlesnake bite. Time and again his crops had failed. He had lost two children, boys, that came between Lou and Emil, and there had been the cost of sickness and death' This is Cather's idea of what John Bergson had to fight against. It's clear, that the whole family felt discouraged and helpless when there was no success coming. They saw many people around them selling their land and giving the farming up. They were going to find their fortune somewhere else. After John Bergson died, his sons also wanted to give up and change the hard work on the infertile land for some... ...ittle joke. It pretended to be poor because nobody knew how to work it right; and then, all at once, it worked itself. It woke up out of its sleep and stretched itself, and it was so big, so rich, that we suddenly found we were rich, just from sitting still.' I don't know much about farming at the end of the nineteenth century, but I heard something in the school and they have told nothing about becoming rich just from sitting still. This is the romantic point of view of the problem, and that's the Willa Cather's point of view. Actually, there has been some business behind the success. The fact, that Alexandra was buying more and more low-price land. She was very clever. She knew exactly what to do, to become rich and struggle no more. She could count the expenses and the profits several years ahead. But she did all this only because some spirit told her to, only because she felt something powerful coming out of the land. Did Willa Cather think this is the way that bussiness works? It seems to be her romantic illusion. I don't think Alexandra had sufficient reasons to mortgage a farm and start a big business from nothing with all risks. But she made a bet and won. Lucky girl.

Internet Connecting Point A to Point B Essay

How should an Internet connection be made for the current campus? Why did you select this option over the others? AT&T is the carrier providing service to the existing campus as well as the new campus. Examine the offerings for Internet access to select the one that should be used. (10 points) ST which is made by at&t is the most popular connector for multimode networks, like most buildings and campuses. It has a bayonet mount and a long cylindrical ferrule to hold the fiber. Most ferrules are ceramic, but some are metal or plastic. And because they are spring-loaded, you have to make sure they are seated properly. If you have high loss, reconnect them to see if it makes a difference. 2. How should the existing and new campus locations be connected to each other? (10 points) The Existing campus locations should be connected to each other via fiber optic cable. Fiber optic cables are less expensive, there is less signal degrading, Non-flammable, and last but not least extremely lightweight compares to the competitors. 3. Should the two locations share an Internet connection? (10 points) Yes. Paying for two separate internet connection methods would be pointless for this scenario. Sharing one connection is more cost effective. 4. Compare the advantages, disadvantages, and cost of fiber optic cable, 5 GHz wireless bridges, and free space optics as a means to interconnect the campus buildings to the IT wing of the Administration Building. (10 points) Fiber optic cable is more expensive of hardware and installation overall, but it is the fastest connection currently. Wireless bridges provide wireless connection, however if the proper precautions are not put into place there may be additional interference and signal loss. Free space  optics is perfect for smaller networks and cheap 5. What would be required to interconnect the existing campus and the new campus to each other using fiber optic cable laid within the hiking trail right of way? (10 points) Outdoor cables and enclosures such as Central tubes are definitely necessary.The central tube design consists of one Thermoplastic PBT buffer tube encasing individually colores fibers. These fibers are surrounded by gel for moisture resistance. The central buffer tube is also surrounded by water swellable fiberglass yarn for overall water resistance and added strength. 6. Examine the data shown on the DSL Line Utilization Report found in Doc Sharing. This is a typical bandwidth utilization report for ADSL line used to connect each building on the campus to the Internet. Keeping in mind that there are eight of these DSL lines connecting the campus buildings to the Internet will a higher speed connection be needed when these are consolidated into one connection? (10 points) Yes. A higher speed connection will be needed when everything is consolidated. The Utilization report shows bandwidth but doesn’t take into account the 8 lines. 7. If the two locations share an Internet connection will a single connection suffice for both sites? (10 points) It would be feasible but not comfortable or ideal. Ideally you would want one connection per site.

The History Of Forensic Accounting Accounting Essay

White-collar offense has acquiring serious around the universe if comparison with the last few old ages. Bank fraud, recognition card fraud, cyberspace fraud, fiscal fraud, public corruptnesss and so on are considered as the offense. These offenses have shared the same features that defraud money from unsuspecting victims which can name this as fraud. Richard and Kent ( 2010 ) stated that there are ever misconceptions of white-collar offenses are non-violent and are committed by those who are non-violent in nature because it says that all white-collar offenses do non harm and violence so this is really parlous misconception. Harmonizing to Kenneth ( 2010 ) , Scots Government has announced extra financess for development of forensic accounting on 2nd June 2009 within the Scots Crime and Drugs Enforcement Agency. A portion of the accounting intent is observing misrepresentation or fraud or white collar offense. Hearers have to lookout against fraud or misrepresentation which is something the inside or outside by their periodic audits. To turn out the fraud for a concern that is identified deceitful dealing, a new group of accounting are needed and they are called as forensic accounting. Forensic comptrollers will utilize their professional accomplishments during carry out an probe. They are non merely necessitate to react fleetly and supply clear fiscal information but besides being concise in courtroom. They are trained to look farther than the Numberss and grip with the concern world of the conditions. ( Foresicglobal, 2012 ) Nowadays many universities have offered some progress grades, enfranchisements, and places that are needed to measure up the comptrollers to go a qualified forensic comptroller. Prosecution support or accounting probe is typically involved by forensic comptrollers. They must hold some signifier of certification that is mensurable of the work or calling they are looking for. Certified in Forensic Accounting ( CFF ) is formed out by AICPA which is short signifier of The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants in 2008. AICPA got all the professional forensic comptrollers together and it makes CPAs go the most sure adviser in concern. ( Aida 2010 ) Harmonizing to AICPA ( 2013 ) , for new appliers that who want to acquire the CFF Credential, a valid CPA licence or certification issued by lawfully constituted province authorization must be in clasp. The CFF Credential Application is completed when they passed the CFF scrutiny. Applicants must turn out themselves have meet the minimal Business Experience and Education demands and a credential fee is needed. ( AICPA 2013 ) Since forensic accounting requires professional cognition that crosses the countries of accounting, condemnable probe, regulative statute law and judicial judicial proceeding so it can considered as an exciting field. Forensic comptrollers need to cognize how the manner the endeavors work is. Forensic comptrollers are expected to understand the manner little and big endeavors operate, prepare ratings in commercial and civil differences, and uncover the darker side of concern. Owing to the aggressive growing of fraud around the universe, the function of forensic comptrollers is acquiring more important in last few old ages. These yearss, they are needed by many concerns to forestall or observe fraud that make it go a niche market. It is easy to acquire occupation if comparison with other market such as IT which is in a concentrated status. Forensic accounting is a broad occupation range that required excess cognition to undertake down the fraud strategies such as concern jurisprudence, scrutinizing and revenue enhancement. Alternatively of narrow working bearer that may restrict forensic accounting pupils ‘ possible abilities, it can take to them to hold multi pick of occupations. As the demand of forensic comptrollers increases, the salary degree will increases at the same clip. It is a natural phenomenon when demand additions due to the market needs. Bing a forensic comptroller may hold higher payment than other businesss. ( Daug 2012 ) Everything got negative sides. Because Forensic comptrollers need to happen out the grounds that can direct the suspects which conduct the fraud go to prisons, they are ever holding emphasis that come from their clients. Forensic comptrollers ever need to work for longer clip particularly at the terminal of the twelvemonth and revenue enhancement season. Due to the complexness, they need a batch of times to look into and analyze securities frauds of the company. ( Bureau of Labor Statistics 2012 ) High costing of instruction is a drawback for a forensic comptroller. Become a forensic comptroller, the basic making is at least a Bachelor ( BA ) in Accounting. It enlarges the trouble being a forensic comptroller. Furthermore, experience demands may necessitate all the clip such as experience in auditing, accounting of probes. ( Thomas 2009 ) A batch of frauds around the universe have tackled down by forensic comptrollers. One of the biggest frauds in history is Madoff matter that perpetrated by Bernard L. Madoff in December 2008. ( U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 2012 ) A entire sum of 60 five billion dollars has been taken from investors to put in his investing concern. ( Pbs 2009 ) This fraud ‘s victim came from super rich to pensionaries and fiscal establishment or even local charities organisation. It gave a large impact to the whole universe economic sciences and some large fiscal establishment such as Walter Noel, US fund director of The Fairfield Greenwich Group has the largest losingss that seven and half billion dollars of its 17 and half billion dollars invested with Madoff and ties to international wealth. ( Jean 2008 ) Another celebrated instance is WorldCom Scandal and called as one of the serious corporate offenses in the U.S history. It was at one clip the telecommunication company as the 2nd long distance phone company in US. It was faced a monolithic accounting dirt that lead to bankruptcy in twelvemonth 2002. Company ‘s history Numberss has been trumped up by direction executive that blow uping about twelve billion dollars. The bankruptcy of Worldcom led to monolithic losingss for investors. ( O.C and Linda, 2011 ) Several former executives of WorldCom have been involved in this instance and faced condemnable charges for it. Former CEO Berned Ebbers was punished twenty five old ages in gaol ( Pappalardo 2005 ) and Scott Sullivan as former CFO received five old ages jailed which see a light sentence due to the deal that he agreed to plead guilty and testified against Ebbers in 2005. ( Ferranti 2005 ) Worldcom could non hedge from bankruptcy and renamed as MIC in 2004. ( Edward and Martin , 2006 ) As the decision, in counter or conflicting parties-that is needed to construction and back up an sentiment, forensic comptrollers must hold great interesting in and the ability to widen accounting, scrutinizing, financial and analytical accomplishments to separate, papers and analyze information. The forensic comptrollers should hold self confidence and able to give respond immediately to the inquiries that got in tribunal. Besides, can be given the replies of the inquiry is more of import, the tribunal will understand them if must hold a good communicating about extremely proficient and hard fiscal information. ( Forensicglobal, 2012 ) AICPA ( 2013 ) Certified in Financial Forensics ( CFF ) Credential Overview ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.aicpa.org/InterestAreas/ForensicAndValuation/Membership/Pages/Overview % 20Certified % 20in % 20Financial % 20Forensics % 20Credential.aspx [ Accessed 9th Jan 2013 ] AIDA S. ( 2010 ) Enhance YOUR PROFESSIONAL POTENTIAL: OBTAIN FORENSIC ACCOUNTING CREDENTIALS ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //aaahq.org/TwoYear/newsletters/Spring2010/item2.htm [ Accessed 8th Jan 2013 ] Bureau of Labor Statistics ( 2013 ) Accountants and Auditors ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bls.gov/ooh/Business-and-Financial/Accountants-and-auditors.htm # tab-3 [ Accessed 18th Jan 2013 ] Daug G. ( 2012 ) Forensic accounting a turning niche field ( on-line ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //robinson.gsu.edu/resources2/files/news/2012/forensic-accounting-abc.pdf [ Accessed 17th Jan 2013 ] Edward J.R. and Martin C. ( 2006 ) WorldCom Case Study Update 2006 ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.scu.edu/ethics/dialogue/candc/cases/worldcom-update.html [ Accessed 16th Jan 2013 ] Forensic ( 2012 ) What is a Forensic Accountant? ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.forensicglobal.org/whatisfa.html [ Accessed: 08th Jan 2013 ] Jean S. ( 2008 ) Madoff prostration has planetary impact ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wsws.org/en/articles/2008/12/mado-d18.html [ Accessed 15th Jan 2013 ] Kenneth M. ( 2010 ) Leveling organised offense groups through enforcement of the POCA money laundering offenses, Journal of Money Laundering Control, Vol. 13 Iodine: 1 pp. 7 – 14 O.C. F. and Linda F. ( 2011 ) WorldCom ‘s Bankruptcy Crisis ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //danielsethics.mgt.unm.edu/pdf/WorldCom % 20Case.pdf [ Accessed 16th Jan 2013 ] PBS ( 2009 ) The Madoff Affair ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/madoff/etc/synopsis.html [ Accessed 15th Jan 2013 ] Richard G.B. and Kent A.K. ( 2010 ) From white-collar offense to red-collar offense, Journal of Financial Crime, Vol. 17 Iodine: 3 pp. 351 – 364 Thomas L. ( 2009 ) What to Look for in a Forensic Accountant ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nysscpa.org/sound_advice/forensic_acc.htm [ Accessed 18th Jan 2013 ] U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ( 2012 ) The Securities and Exchange Commission Post-Madoff Reforms ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sec.gov/spotlight/secpostmadoffreforms.htm [ Accessed 15th Jan 2013 ]

The Need for Peace in the Middle East essays

The Need for Peace in the Middle East essays The Need For Peace in the Middle East The quest for peace in the Middle East has been going on for decades. It all started in 1948 when Israel declared its independence and fought Arab nations to secure it. However, the Arabs were left unsatisfied while the Israelis wanted more control over land. In 1967, the six-day war erupted, resulting with Israel seizing the West Bank, Gaza, Sinai, East Jerusalem, and the Golan Heights. The war left the situation unchanged and the Arabs and Israelis have been fighting ever since. Middle East peace is important because without an agreement, both sides will remain hostile towards each other and wars will be constantly taking place. Numerous people will be killed and a settlement wont be reached. Jerusalem, the creation of a Palestinian state, and American and International aid are the top three issues that need to be resolved. Jerusalem is the holy city for Jews, Muslims, and Christians. Jerusalem is the sticking point of the peace summit and is the most difficult issue as it is virtually impossible to please both sides. Presently, Israel has control over the city. Israel insists on retaining sovereignty over the eternal city and hopes a deal will win world recognition of that right. Palestinians, on the other hand, wish to reclaim east Jerusalem for the capital of a new Palestinian state and want to share sovereignty. This issue should be resolved by making Jerusalem no mans land. Jerusalem should be governed by an independent, neutral third party. Palestinians and Israelis would share it, as neither party would have control. If the Christians can share it with the Jews and Arabs, why cant the Jews and Arabs share with each other? The creation of a Palestinian state is one of the main issues the Palestinians are fighting for. In order to become a state, territory, government, population, and sovereignty are needed. P...

Certainty vs. Certitude

Certainty vs. Certitude Certainty vs. Certitude Certainty vs. Certitude By Mark Nichol What’s the difference between certainty and certitude? My hunch was that they’re interchangeable, but it turns out that they have a slight but significant difference in connotation- of that I am certain. Certainty and certitude, of course, share a root word: the Latin term certus, meaning â€Å"fixed† or â€Å"settled.† Certainty originally meant â€Å"pledge† or â€Å"surety,† then developed a sense of â€Å"something that is certain,† and certitude derives from a Latin word with the same meaning. But along the way, distinct connotations have emerged, though they are not always observed: A certainty can be something known based on fact, while sometimes, a certitude is something one is convinced of on the basis of faith. (The synonym conviction more obviously refers to what one believes rather than what one knows.) This is a useful distinction, but it’s unfortunately unlikely to ever emerge as one writers use consistently. The antonyms differ in form: uncertainty, but incertitude. (Incertain and incertainty existed in Middle English but were supplanted by the un- forms.) Other words based on certus include the adjectival and adverbial forms of certainty, certain and certainly, as well as the verb certify, meaning â€Å"confirm† or â€Å"vouch for†; the noun form is certification, and something that can be confirmed or vouched for is certifiable. (In colloquial usage, one who is, in jest or derision, thought eligible to be judged insane is referred to as certifiable.) Certificated is an adjective derived from the obsolete use of certificate as a verb. The noun certificate originally meant â€Å"action of certifying† but now has a dominant sense of â€Å"a document that provides certification.† Ascertain (the prefix a, meaning â€Å"to,† followed by certain) once meant â€Å"assure† or â€Å"inform† but now means â€Å"determine.† Concert and associated words are related to certain by way of the root word, though here, -cert has the sense of â€Å"strive.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Bare or Bear With Me?Loan, Lend, Loaned, LentPhrasal Verbs and Phrasal Nouns

Literary analysis on A Good Man Is Hard To Find by Flannery O'Conner Research Paper

Literary analysis on A Good Man Is Hard To Find by Flannery O'Conner - Research Paper Example But a modicum of insight into the interests and craftsmanship of Flannery O’Connor makes her writing commendable on both literary and religious grounds. â€Å"Cathartic bitterness, a belief in grace as something devastating to the recipient, a gelid concept of salvation, and violence as a force for good† (Galloway) characterize her work. She was well aware of her dual role as a Catholic writer and a fiction writer. She only tried to homogenize both. Thus where the religious dimension was never far away from her writing she was also influenced by Martin Heidegger’s concept of dasein: the moment of death makes a man’s existence replete with meaning. She blends characterization with the setting and works out the meaning of the story. In the following analysis let us look at the dynamics of characterization, theme, and setting in Flannery O’Connor’s A Good Man Is Hard to Find. Good characters inspire strong feelings. Characterization should not begin and end midway but should be continued till the end as the characters evolve. Extraneous characters should be avoided and all the characters should contribute in varying degrees to the progress of the plot and depth of the story. A Good Man Is Hard to Find is a reasonable example for good characterization. The action in the story unfolds through the grandmother. She is the volatile person in the story with a glib tongue. The old lady is however a Christian only by appearances. Her moral platitude is her reality. When that is stripped by her confrontation with the killer there is no future for the character of the grandmother. "Why youre one of my babies. Youre one of my own children!" (O’Connor 132). These words are definitely not to influence the killer against shooting her but it is her saving moment of grace where she realizes the hollowness of her hitherto existence and recognizes the Misfit as the medium of the grace. O’Connor was compassionate to her

The good and bad of standards based on innovations Essay

The good and bad of standards based on innovations - Essay Example First, standards refer to the documented agreements, which comprise of technical guidelines that make sure processes, products, materials, and services are produced up to par or are fit for presentation. On the other hand, innovation can be described as an introduction to a new method, approach or concept to a product/enterprise to bring about exclusivity in function, behavior or form. It should be understood that innovation and standards are somehow interrelated, whereby a standardized model, will ensure innovation is quickly achieved. By introducing standards on innovations, an organization or a firm will have formed a basis for the introduction of new innovations, and also move a notch higher to ensure the components of the new innovation are mutually compatible. Moreover, standards are critical on innovation, because it is an avenue of having a mutual understanding in an organization, and can be used as a tool to facilitate measurement, communication, manufacturing and commerce. The good aspect of standards is what has made it to be everywhere and also play an important role in the economy. For instance, allowing firms to comply with relevant laws and regulations, offering interoperability between new and existing processes, services, and product. However, while standards are critical to the success of innovation, it also has its shortcomings if enough care is not put in place. For instance, when standards are used in isolation, it cannot be the best tool to provide evidence for performance, hence providing a leeway for discrepancies. (Gann, & Salter, 2000, pp. 955-972) As observed from the aforementioned ideas, standards based on innovation can be very beneficial to an organization, through providing a framework for new innovations. Although, for quite some time now, some organizations have always got it wrong when it comes to thinking about innovation and standards. Some organizations

The European Dimension Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The European Dimension - Essay Example Marks & Spencer was named as the leading UK retailer responsible for fish sourcing by Greenpeace, and Marine Conservation Society. Similarly, RSPCA recognised them for their animal welfare policy and launch of a range of clothing made from Fairtrade certified cotton in clothing. Marks & Spencer has been included in the Dow Jones Sustainability and FTSE 4 Goods index. They converted all the roast, ground, and instant coffee to Fairtrade, and became the first major UK high street retailer to launch a range of clothing made from Fairtrade certified cotton (An extract from the Chairman’s speech on the occasion of CSR) (Marks & Spencer-The Company, www2.marksandspencer.com [Accessed 20 August 2006]). Marks & Spencer work to protect the environment and animal welfare, and have made huge contributions in the development of community services in countries where they have their presence. The company’s hard work has seen them included in the Dow Jones Sustainability and FTSE 4 Good Indexes and ranked equal 20th with a score of 95% in Business in the Community’s Corporate Responsibility Index (Marks & Spencer-The Company). They manage CSR under Product, People and Places. The United Kingdom, from the census gathered from 2001 showed the total population of the country at 58789194 of which, 28579869 were men, and 30209325 were women. At the same time London, based on data released on or before 13 February 2003 showed a population of 7172091.

College writing and casual writing Essay Example for Free

College writing and casual writing Essay A. I think there is a big difference in college writing and casual writing. I fell like college writing has is more structured. You have to capitalize the words that need to be capitalized, Indent at the beginning of each paragraph, and write paragraphs in the write structure. College level writing is more in-depth and detailed than casual writing. B. My favorite hobby is listening and creating music. Music is very strong, meaningful, and a way to express feelings. C. I love listening and creating music. Listening and creating music is very fun to me, it’s also very relaxing. Music can be very useful in many ways. You can give a positive message in music and also get people to enjoy it by expressing on a rhythmic beat and words. Listening and creating music gives an outlet to express many different emotions, sad, mad, and happy. Creating music is fun from recording lyrics to mixing and creating the whole sound. Music is what I do in my free time, it’s my favorite hobby. Part2: A. I have to basic step that I think is going to be the most difficult for me is â€Å"Drafting†. The reason I chose drafting is because I never utilized that step unless it was required by the teacher, and counted as part of the assignment. I’m going to start utilizing all of the steps that where listed. When I write my text paper I’m going to sit down and plan my paper, Also planning and taking the proper steps actually make the paper easier to write.

The Hobbit by JRR Tolkein :: essays research papers

Introduction The book I read and analyzed was â€Å"The Hobbit† by J.R.R. Tolkein. I shall discuss the plot and character development, setting, author’s style and my opinions about it. Plot Development There are too many characters in the story and so it is hard to follow and know each one of them. (There are many dwarves and it’s confusing.) In the beginning there is an introduction where the author tells a bit about what is a hobbit and the hobbit’s (Bilbo) family. It is not very complicated and the author makes it easy to understand. This introduction gives the general background, which makes the story easier to understand, for the plot and its development. The plot development in the middle is not complicated and easy to follow. It can even be summarized in a few sentences. The ending is expected since the author gives hints about it. As in the introduction when he says that the hobbit would gain something, this means that he will not die. Then, the reader is not kept in suspense and does not expect to see what happens at the end. The last climax (or what is supposed to be the climax) takes a long time to occur (the last fight—good (men, elves, dwarves & eagles) vs. evil (wargs & goblins)) and this reduces its effectiveness. After the climax there is the long return home. It is quite boring since there is nothing to expect to and the reader knows that the hobbit would get home safely. In my opinion it should have been shorter. Character Development The creation of the characters is done by their dialogues and monologues, actions and things noted by the narrator (the author in this case) himself. An example for dialogue: â€Å"All the same, I should like it all plain and clear, also I should like to know about risks, out-of-pocket expenses...† (by Bilbo, page 22, it shows that he is not ready to jump into things so quickly). An example for a monologue: â€Å"Now is the time for our esteemed Mr. Baggins, who has proved himself...† (by Thorin, page 210, it shows Thorin’s style). A good example for action is when Thorin blocked the Gate in the mountain that shows the reader that the treasure is important to Thorin and he rather die than giving it away. An example for notes by the author: â€Å"You are familiar with Thorin’s style on important occasions...† (page 210) the author talks directly to the reader and helps him understand the text. Each character has a physical description. The length and content of the description increase as the character importance to the plot increases (e.g., the hobbit has very long descriptions

Lacklustre Castle

When I entered the lacklustre castle , I came upon tangible hundreds of human skin plastered to the wall . The atmosphere was dozed of iniquity as the clock struck midnight and we planned to hunt the treasure located deep inside this isolated castle . † Hey Sam , my instincts had been telling me that this place isn't good for us † George yelled .†Don't be headstrong George ! We will never endeavour such extraordinary places ,† Sam said in his chill voice . † All right , let's begin the journey † Sam ‘s voice was tremblingWe strolled deeper into the castle and through the window . I could see that the sky was full of tumultuous and ominous black clouds that released a sudden shower . The waves rised as great mountains , anger in the form of water , unforgiving and turbulent . My senses believed that these were the first omens of the impending danger . We then walked further in and I was oblivious about the smell of the rotting meat from a corpse hidden under the cushion . We came to a halt in front of a narrow corridor and I was dumbfounded to discover photos of lovely family . Curiosity grew upon us to investigate this . Jane kindled up the candle and surprisingly found some sentences on the wall . According to her , it had said † The treasure has been my people's desire and only a truly determined person will obtain it . However , please do not take this very lightly as you have to face the unbearable challenges . Good luck .† I think the instructions are just fooling us as according to the book , we just need to solve this knotty puzzle † Jane said confidently † Yes , I believe it is a trap † Sam saidSam , behind you !The wall just suddenly came apart and it started falling over Sam and it had smashed him completely and the blood splattered everywhere . I was shouting over the top of my lungs calling for Sam and the wall had completely blocked him and he vanished like the ships passing through the Bermuda Triangle . I knew that the chances were going slimmer . All the buildings started collapsing and Jane and I both fell to the ground and the boulders had blighted the shelter and we could feel the rough waves on us . Jane was trying to stand on the unbalanced surface but † Jane , watch it !† Sam screamed Two enormous rocks had trapped and the chances to rescue her were decreasing . I was conscious about the scorching heat from the fire that had spread like scuttling mice over the carpet . I used my endless effort to push the rocks over her but was ineffective . † Jane , just leave me and tell mum and dad that I love them so much † she muttered softlyHer words splintered inside me causing more pain than a cancer .She inhaled her last precious breathe and stopped breathing . I sank to my knees and my gasping wails had echoed the ruined castle . Raw tears started falling across my cheeks as I placed a kiss on her delicate forehead . After all these fruitful reminiscence , my beloved sister was gone from this world . I believed it is destiny that separates between us . Two fled, one survived .

Living in a Violent Culture

Most violent acts committed in modern times are seen as unthinkable and heinous. Today’s culture appears to be at its most serene and peaceful. However, this may not be true. Today’s culture is still one of extreme violence and is comparable to some of history’s most horrific times. Over the course of history, violence in culture has been in fluctuation but has always been considerably aggressive. Modern violent culture is comparable to history’s as society’s forms of entertainment are still violent, racial, domestic, and religious. Disputes still occur and lastly, war and cruel punishments still exist in the world. Fortunately, there is hope as violence, although still existing, seems to be improving and slowly diminishing. Over time, modern forms of entertainment appear to have changed. However; it can be disturbing the similarities in which violence appears to be a common factor throughout history. Rome is said to be the birthplace of violent entertainment. Some historians suggest that we should not be surprised by their violent games and competitions because the Romans were at war throughout their history. Ancient Rome is infamous for their gladiatorial battles; battles in which men were forced to fight one another to the death. Many gladiators were prisoners of war, criminals or slaves. Thousands of people would watch as these men were thrown into the fight against their will. Women would even attend these events and watch men fight to the death. This would first appear to us as shocking, but today’s society is attracted to films indicating this exact behavior. The film Gladiator is about a general whose family is murdered by a prince and this man becomes a gladiator to seek revenge. This movie won 5 Oscars as well as numerous other awards. This is undeniable evidence that society has not changed when it comes to these sorts of things. They still watch the same forms of violence. In Medieval times, crowds would come to watch the public executions of heretics and traitors. The crowds would chant and yell awaiting the death of the accused. The movie Kill Bill follows the story of a woman who was almost killed by a group of people working for her husband. This woman learns to fight and the only thing on her mind is to have revenge on the assassination team that betrayed her. The entire point of the movie is supporting the woman in killing off each and every person involved in her attack. Just like the support given by crowds against deserving criminals, audiences support the character against the deserving criminals in her case. This movie was played worldwide and was top grossing during its time. This is even more evidence supporting the fact that culture has not changed a lot. In sixteenth-century Paris, a popular form of entertainment was cat-burning, in which a cat was hoisted in a sling on a stage and slowly lowered into a fire. This of course seems repulsive to think of now, but today there are still cock fights, dog fights and bullfights. Bull fighting is a traditional spectacle of Spain, Portugal, some cities in southern France and in several Latin American countries. This form of entertainment involves one or more bulls being ritually killed in a bullring as a public spectacle. It can be considered a blood sport. Bull fighting is now becoming more controversial but is still seen as very respectable. Many people come to bullfighting arenas simply to watch animals being killed as a means of entertainment. This is not very different from cat burning. Both are violent and should be unacceptable. In some ways, today’s culture is worse than the past. Even in history, murder was still wrong under the wrong circumstances. Other actions such as rape and abuse were still regarded as bad and could be punished. Today, the world has video games in which young boys and girls are exposed to this violence in a whole new way. They are given the opportunity to play the bad guy without actually committing the crime. This not only teaches these children that perhaps violence is okay, but what if one day, playing the game is not enough for them. For example, there is a game called Phantasmagoria that was banned in various countries for â€Å"sexualized violence†. In no way should rape ever be drawn and put into a game. This is a new kind of violent entertainment that promotes violence in today’s culture. To use violence as a means of entertainment also promotes violence as okay in certain situations. Racial, religious and domestic disputes occur today all over the world and have been forever. Anti-Semitism has been in the world since Earth’s earliest civilizations and it continued extensively until the 1940s and resulted in the death of over 6 million Jews. Violence occurred during the Crusades in the medieval times; during which religiously sanctioned military campaigns forcefully and violently fought to abolish other religions through violence and torture. These two events are similar in that they fought to abolish another group of human beings because one group thought they were more superior. Rwanda is filled with genocide and child soldiers. A child soldier lives their entire life violently. They are forced to murder and therefore grow up knowing nothing but that. The Muslims and the Jewish people in the Middle East still fight over land. Today even in Canada there are ethnic disputes. Canada has two â€Å"founding nations†: the French and the English. Disputes occur between the French wanting to separate from Canada. It is only a matter of time before this dispute ends in violence. Slavery among cultures had always existed. The targets of slavery were minority groups. This had always been the case. It was not until 1834 that slavery was abolished in Canada and it would not be until 1863 that it was abolished in the USA. Today, southern states still experience extreme racism towards African Americans simply because they are a ‘minority’. Although ethnic conflict may be inevitable in the modern world, prevention techniques such as understanding other cultures, recognizing warning signs of ethnic violence and developing a plan of action can lead to diplomatic settlements and can help to contain violent outbursts. There is hope to end the racial violence that still exists today. Education for all cultures is now abundant as well as human rights laws that work to prevent the harm of anyone due to their race. Another form of practiced violence in the world is domestic violence. Women seem to always be a target for violence. In ancient Greece, women were practically prisoners in their own homes. They had no rights and they were owned by either their father or their husband. Thus, these men had the right to abuse them. In Medieval times, if a woman got pregnant and decided to attempt an abortion, they were subject to horrible methods of torture and eventual death. Today, the extent of violence slowly diminishes. However, women are generally still targets for abuse in relationships. Domestic violence occurs everywhere in Canada and in the States. Honour killings are still performed to this day in the Middle East. An honour killing is when a woman is suspected of being unfaithful to their husbands, dressing inappropriately, engaging in homosexuality or wanting to be out of an arranged marriage. Women can be stoned to death or buried alive as well as other methods. Clearly this is a culture of violence when all of these things are still occurring. From racial disputes, to religious disagreements; from fights over territory to the abuse of women, violence occurs everywhere. In fact, violence will most likely survive until the end of human civilization. The most extreme form of violence and dispute is war. It is almost as if the world is addicted to war; it is the ultimate power struggle. War is something that can influence an entire nation. It can turn people against another group of people and is the ultimate act of violence. Violence is inevitable in any culture. War however, is not. History is flooded with war. In fact, war continuously existed from Egyptian times until medieval times. There was no escape from that. A shred of hope for our future would include the fact that war did not exist in today’s culture. However, it still does. From land rights, to religious disputes to rivalries, war has always existed. And today, the world continues to fight. The US led war to continue to exist in Iraq. The aim has been the destruction of Iraqi society enabling the US and Britain to gain control of Iraq's huge oil reserves. In five thousand years of hosting empires, the fertile valley between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers has endured many tyrannical regimes. Sumerians, Chaldeans, Hittites, Assyrians, Babylonians, Medes, Persians, Macedonian Greeks, Seleucid Greeks, Romans, Parthians, Arabs, Mongols, Ottoman Turks, and the British have all passed through and left their mark, for good or ill. Some, like the Assyrians, have come â€Å"like a wolf on the fold†; others have stayed long enough to build more than they destroyed. The Americans, are coming like the Assyrians. Currently, the war is not solving any problems. It’s a continual battle in hopes for some sort of end. Men are dying from Canada, the USA and from Iraq. Money that could be spent to better each of these countries is being used on the war. People back home are listening and waiting to hear about the next soldier that has died. Today, war is still an issue. War is what seemed to have made previous civilizations so unstable. This culture may never truly be civilized until it learns that violence is a short term means to an end of a problem. As Bertrand Russell says, â€Å"War does not determine who is right, it determines who is left†. War is a similar factor in each of the civilizations prior to this one, and in this one. If war is eliminated, perhaps violence as a whole would be on its way out. Until then, today’s culture will be one of violence. Looking back at the past, mankind may take pride in the supposed lack of violence in the world today when comparing it to the past. However, violence still exists almost as vividly and as evil as it once did. It will not be until mankind desires to rid itself of the unnecessary violence in its entertainment. It will not be until religious, racial and domestic disputes are abolished and everyone is equal that violence will be eliminated. And lastly, it will not be until war is no longer an option for solving problems and people come to diplomatic solutions will the world be rid of violence. Until that time, today’s culture and all the future ones to come will be ones of violence.